Learn more about the Hear Her campaign and what CDC is doing to raise awareness about maternal mortality. We all play a role in recognizing urgent maternal warning signs and engaging in conversations with pregnant and postpartum women about concerns they have about their health.
Pregnant women do not seem to be at higher risk of contracting COVID-19. However, you are at higher risk of serious illness if you get COVID-19 while pregnant. You are also at higher risk of delivering your baby prematurely if you get COVID-19.
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No, you may have seen false claims on social media, but there is no evidence that any vaccine, including COVID-19 vaccines, can affect fertility in women or men. You should get vaccinated if you are currently trying to become pregnant.
Even wealthier countries are affected by this crisis. In the US, the sixth highest country in terms of expected number of births, over 3.3 million babies are projected to be born between March 11 and December 16. In New York, authorities are looking into alternative birthing centers as many pregnant women are worried about giving birth in hospitals.
UNICEF warns that although evidence suggests that pregnant mothers are not more affected by COVID-19 than others, countries need to ensure they still have access to antenatal, delivery and postnatal services. Likewise, sick newborns need emergency services as they are at high risk of death. New families require support to start breastfeeding, and to get medicines, vaccines and nutrition to keep their babies healthy.
Even before the COVID-19 pandemic, an estimated 2.8 million pregnant women and newborns died every year, or 1 every 11 seconds, mostly of preventable causes. UNICEF calls for immediate investment in health workers with the right training, who are equipped with the right medicines to ensure every mother and newborn is cared for by a safe pair of hands to prevent and treat complications during pregnancy, delivery and birth.
As most adolescents who are pregnant are experiencing pregnancy for the first time, the need for careful monitoring and quality care during the antenatal, delivery and postnatal periods is generally more acute. Paradoxically, coverage of maternal health indicators, including contact with health system and quality of care, appear lower among adolescent girls than among all women and girls for most regions of the world. However, it should be noted that the difference in coverage between adolescents and all women is small in some regions, and in the case of Eastern and Southern Africa, coverage of skilled delivery and postnatal care for newborns is higher for adolescent girls.!function(e,t,s,i)var n="InfogramEmbeds",o=e.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=o[0],r=/^http:/.test(e.location)?"http:":"https:";if(/^\/2/.test(i)&&(i=r+i),window[n]&&window[n].initialized)window[n].process&&window[n].process();else if(!e.getElementById(s))var a=e.createElement("script");a.async=1,a.id=s,a.src=i,d.parentNode.insertBefore(a,d)(document,0,"infogram-async","//e.infogram.com/js/dist/embed-loader-min.js");
Globally, 84 per cent of pregnant adolescents aged 15-19 attended at least one antenatal care visit as compared to 88 per cent of all women and girls aged 15-49. Fewer adolescent girls received skilled delivery care as compared to all women and girls (77 to 84 per cent). Additionally, fewer adolescent girls received postnatal care for themselves as compared to all women and girls (66 per cent vs 69 per cent). There were relative differences in terms of postnatal care for newborns in some regions. In West and Central Africa, for example, 48 per cent of newborns to adolescent mothers had a postnatal contact as compared to 52 per cent of newborns to all mothers. Together, these findings again highlight that greater investment is needed in supporting adolescent girls to realize their sexual and reproductive health rights and advance into safe and healthy adulthoods.
This comprehensive WHO guideline provides global, evidence-informed recommendations on routine antenatal care. The guidance aims to capture the complex nature of the issues surrounding ANC health care practices and delivery and to prioritize person-centredhealth and well-being, not only the prevention of death and morbidity, in accordance with a human rights-based approach. This guideline is relevant to all pregnant women and adolescent girls receiving ANC in any healthcare or community setting andtheir unborn fetuses and newborns.
No. A developing baby is exposed to the same concentration as the mother during pregnancy. There is no known safe amount of alcohol consumption for women who are pregnant, including early in pregnancy when a woman may not know that she is pregnant.
If it is hard for you to stop drinking, talk with your healthcare provider about getting help. There are a variety of treatments that can help you. Options for pregnant women include behavioral treatments and mutual-support groups. Your healthcare provider may be able to help you determine the best option for you.
Study inclusion criteria included married women of reproductive age (18 to 40) and daily users of at least one type of smokeless tobacco product. Married women were selected to meet the study goal of understanding patterns of SLT use prior to and during pregnancy. Unmarried women were excluded, since it is uncommon for women in India to become pregnant prior to marriage.
To gain a more complete understanding of the patterns of use among pregnant women, a census of all pregnant SLT using women was carried out by identifying pregnant women through house listing, or through key informant introductions to known pregnant women who expressed willingness to be interviewed. Of a total of 223 additional pregnant women, 67 (16.5%) were found eligible for the study, based on study inclusion criteria (age and use of any form of SLT daily for the past seven days) and of these, 62 consented and completed the survey. A comparison of characteristics of pregnant users in the census and women in the systematic random sample indicated no significant differences so they were pooled for analysis, giving a total of 409 SLT users.
Our study showed that only a minority of pregnant women achieved the recommended level of physical activity, and that higher physical activity and lower sedentary time were associated with improved health outcomes. Encouraging pregnant women to increase their physical activity and decrease their sedentary time, may be important factors to improve maternal and fetal/child health outcomes.
Even for an individual who reaches the recommended level of PA, it is still common to spend excessive time engaging in sedentary behavior [7]. Sedentary behavior is defined as activities that include energy expenditure between 1.0 and 1.5 metabolic equivalent units (METs), like sitting, sleeping and watching television [8]. Sedentary behavior is related to all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes in adults, regardless of level of PA [9]. Studies show that women tend to increase their sedentary time when they become pregnant. The effect of sedentary time is not as well investigated as the effect of PA on pregnancy outcomes, and the possible associations between sedentary time and GWG, hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, and birth weight still remain uncertain [10].
High body mass index (BMI) and excessive GWG are increasing problems in many countries, and almost 50% of pregnant women in the United States and Europe gain more weight than recommended. This results in an increased risk of the offspring being large for gestational age, and thus exposed to an increased risk of caesarean section (CS) [14]. High birth weight and excess GWG are also associated with increased risk of childhood obesity [15]. Clarifying the effect of PA and sedentary time on these outcomes may motivate the pregnant women to a healthy lifestyle throughout pregnancy.
From May 2016 to May 2019, 2772 women met the inclusion criteria for participating in the Northpop study and signed the informed consent. Only singleton pregnancies were included in this study. Of these, 2203 (80.5%) participants answered the questions regarding PA during pregnancy (Fig. 1). The questions were answered by the pregnant women in their 3rd trimester. Characteristics of non-responders (excluded participants) as compared to women included in the final study sample are presented in Supplementary Table 2.
Despite advice regarding PA being given to the pregnant women, only a low proportion of the participants in our study reported that they reached the recommended level of PA. An alarmingly large proportion of the participants also gained more weight than recommended during pregnancy (49%). Encouraging pregnant women to increase their PA and decrease their sedentary time may be important to reduce the risk of excessive GWG and improve the health of pregnant women and their offspring. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the impact of different levels of sedentary time on pregnancy outcomes and possibly demonstrate evidence to make recommendations for limiting sedentary time during pregnancy.
Thanks to Richard Lundberg at the Department of Clinical Sciences at Umeå University and project coordinator in the NorthPop study for help preparing the datafile from the NorthPop database. We acknowledge the participating pregnant women in the NorthPop study for their contribution of data to the study.
You are recommended to undergo the first check-up in weeks 6-12 with a GP or midwife. In addition, all pregnant women are offered an ultrasound scan around week 18 in the pregnancy. All tests and examinations are voluntary, and you are entitled to decline anything that the doctor or midwife suggests. However, you may not demand other or more examinations than those normally offered. 2ff7e9595c
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